Chintz
by Anne Steele

Note from Marci: the chintz pictures in this lesson are commercially produced pieces but are just shown here as examples of some of the patterns that can be done and to illustrate the lesson.

Chintz is also called mille' fleur design as well as all -over floral design. .
I had a teacher in Florida, can't remember her name, but she also taught a class where I did a version with shells on a black background with mother of pearl on the shells to give them the look of real shells and it turned out really nice.


lst painting
Start by deciding on which type of flower or shape you intend to use, and then sketch several different types onto paper to give an idea of how they will blend together on the china. Sketch onto china with your pencil or a fine pen, using a fast-drying medium {by using a fast-drying pen oil you will be able to paint in the flowers right away}. The secret to this design is to cover as much of the surface of the piece as possible leaving only very small spaces to be filled in later.
Remember to overlap the flowers as you go, and do not give each flower a complete shape. Start with the largest flower and gradually fill in with smaller ones leaving tiny little daisy-like ones till last as fillers. I like to use small dots for a baby breath look using a raised enamel look. Use a light black, grey or neutral color to outline the flowers. Use lightest shade if you plan to use gold outlining later. When dry start to paint the flowers with colors of choice. Keep colors clean and crisp as the charm of this type of design lies in the spontaneity and surprise of the bright colors. When safe from smudges, fire.

2nd painting
add more color where needed. Fire
3rd painting
Paint in all the little spaces around the flowers using a small brush and getting into all the tiny crevices between the flowers. Fire.
4th painting
Add any more color now. Paint in the gold border around the plate being careful not to let the gold tough any wet color. Fire.
5th painting
If you intend outlining the flowers with gold, do it now using an extremely fine nib and keeping the outlines neat. A great deal of care is needed when doing this as you must make as few mistakes as possible to avoid having to keep wiping gold off. Add another coat of gold to the border and fire. Burnish the gold.

Variations on a theme: leaves all over, flowers of one type (e.g. pansies}, all wildflowers, different berries, fruits all over. To think currently there is tremendous interest in things water related...lighthouses, fish, coral, dolphins and so forth and to take a page from the winter Olympics what about skates, skies, sleds or hockey pucks and sticks as gifts for sports enthusiasts. This can be one way to take the traditional and make it up-dated if you have no objections to expanding on the traditional.

collecting vintage commercially made chintz

Collecting vintage chintz china has become a remarkable phenomenon! Chintz china,twentieth century transfer ware, which evokes images of summer gardens in full bloom and provides collectors with indoor flowers year round, has exploded onto the collectibles scene.

Over the last few years, the price and popularity of this china have experienced unprecedented growth. Collectors worldwide seek this charming floral tableware which seems to attract more and more devotees with each passing day.

The term "chintz" has its origins in India (the Indian word was chintes) where colorful patterns including richly-hued flowers and brightly plumed birds were printed on cotton fabric and imported into England from the late seventeenth century.

When transfer printing was developed, it enabled chintz to be printed cheaply enough to reach a large market, and by the mid-1800s a number of the Staffordshire factories in England were producing chintz china which was aimed toward everyday use and the mass market. The first chintz china patterns were loose designs with larger flowers and birds; however, around 1920, patterns for chintz china were designed with more tightly placed, smaller flowers; and it was then that the collectible china which is known generically today as "chintz" began to be made. Collectible vintage chintz china was manufactured from the 1920s until the late 1960s.

Although many chintz manufacturers made goods which now are included in the Chintzware category, four of the major and most sought-after producers in England were Royal Winton, Lord Nelson Ware (Elijah Cotton Ltd.), James Kent Ltd. and
Crown Ducal (A.G. Richardson). When chintz was made, it was not expensive china. It was earthenware meant to be used every day. However, the production of chintz did require an amazing amount of hand work because the designs which appear on each piece of Chintzware were transferred by hand from lithographs onto the individual pieces. The process (similar to applying decals) required meticulous cutting and matching to ensure that the joins on each piece (the places on the dish where the sheet of lithographic paper came together), were practically invisible. This handwork, along with any gilding on each piece, was done before the piece was fired.
Today, the knowledge that some young woman spent hours carefully placing the beautiful transfer patterns on each piece of chintz makes the owner of that piece much more appreciative of his treasure. The names given to the chintz patterns are as appealing as the patterns themselves.

Royal Winton made more than fifty flowered patterns with names like "Summertime," "Sweet Pea," "June Roses" and "Old Cottage Chintz." Lord Nelson Ware made "Rosetime," "Heather" and "Briar Rose" to mention a few.

While Crown Ducal did not stamp its chinz with pattern names, the authors of recent books have assigned names the the Crown Ducal patterns to provide a uniform method of identification where reference to old sales catalogs and other research have resulted in no actual company-assigned names.

Lord Nelson Ware produced patterns with names such as "Primula," "Apple Blossom" and "Hydrangia."

Besides the four most sought-after makers of English chintz mentioned above, other chintz makers
included Barker Bros., Ltd., Brexton, Empire, S. Ford & Co., Johnson Bros. Ltd., W.R. Midwinter, Ltd., Myott,
Ridgeway, Royal Doulton, Shelley, Wade, Wedgwood, A.J. Wilkinson and Wood & Sons. Some Dutch Chintzware has also been found. Chintzware also was made in Japan, Germany and Czechoslovakia, although these patterns are considered by many to be less collectible than the English chintz.

Chintz comes in all shapes and sizes, from complete dinner sets to tiny nut dishes. Some collectors attempt to collect a set of chintz all in one pattern and to find as many serving pieces, teapots, coffeepots and other matching pieces as possible.
Because chintz has such a cozy and colorful feel, other collectors enjoy mixing the many patterns and makers and displaying them in pretty groupings around their homes.

Others focus on collecting teacups in the many different patterns or try to locate bud vases in as many patterns as possible. Whatever their choices about the focus of their chintz collections, most chintz collectors agree that there is something so
warm and inviting about chintz that just seeing it each day makes them happy.